The Slow Genocide of Indigenous Nations and Peoples

Books

Adams, David Wallace. Education for Extinction: American Indians and the Boarding School Experience, 1875-1928. Univ. Press of Kansas, 2020.

https://doi.org/10.1353/book.119482

Akers, Donna L. Living in the Land of Death: The Choctaw Nation, 1830-1860. Mich. St. Univ. Press, 2004.

Anaya, S. James. Indigenous Peoples: International Law. Oxford U. Press, 2004.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195173499.001.0001

Anderson, Gary Clayton. Ethnic Cleansing and the Indian: The Crime That Should Haunt America. Univ. of Okla. Press, 2014.

Annett, Kevin D. Hidden From History: The Canadian Holocaust: The Untold Story of the Genocide of Aboriginal Peoples by Church and State in Canada. Truth Commission Into Genocide, 2001.

Arendt, Hannah. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1994. (Originally published in 1951).

Austin, Raymond. Navajo Courts and Navajo Common Law. Univ. of Minn. Press, 2009.

Ayma, Evo Morales. The Rights of Nature: The Case for a Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth. Council of Canadians, 2011.

Biko, Steven. Black Consciousness in South Africa. Random House, 1979.

Black, Charles L. Jr. A New Birth of Freedom: Human Rights, Named & Unnamed. Putnam, 1997.

Black Hawk. Life of Ma-Ka-Tai-Me-She-Kaik or Black Hawk: With an Account of the Late War. 1833.

Brett, Peter and Line Engbo Gissel. Africa and the Backlash Against International Courts. Bloomsbury Pub., 2020.

https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350218093

Brook, Timothy, Jerome Bourgon, and Gregory Blue. Death By a Thousand Cuts. Harvard Univ. Press, 2008.

https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1dv0tpd

Brooks, Roy L. (ed.). When Sorry Isn't Enough: The Controversy over Apologies and Reparations for Human Injustice. NYU Press, 1999.

Brown, Dee. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. Holt, Reinhart & Winston, 1970.

Burke, Roland. Decolonization and the Evolution of International Human Rights. U. of Penn. Press, 2010.

https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812205329

Casas, Bartolomé de las. A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies. Translated by Nigel Griffin. Penguin Classics, 1999. (Originally published in 1552).

Castillo, Elias. A Cross of Thorns: The Enslavement of California's Indians by the Spanish Missions. Craven Street Books, 2015.

Césaire, Aimé. Discourse on Colonialism. Monthly Review Press, 1950.

Churchill, Ward. Struggle for the Land: Native North American Resistance to Genocide, Ecocide and Colonization. City Lights Books, 2002.

Coast, Kerry. The Colonial Present: The Rule of Ignorance and the Role of Law in British Columbia. Clarity Press, 2011.

Cohen, Stanley. States of Denial, Knowing About Atrocities and Suffering. Polity Press, 2001.

Cook, William A. (ed.). The Plight of the Palestinians: A Long History of Destruction. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230107922

Costo, Rupert & Jeannette Henry Costo (eds.). The Missions of California: A Legacy of Genocide. Univ. of Texas, 1987.

Cowles, C.S. Show Them No Mercy: 4 Views on God and Canaanite Genocide. Zondervan, 2003.

Crawford, James. The Creation of States in International Law. 2nd Ed. Oxford U. Press, 2007.

https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199228423.001.0001

Denetdale, Jennifer. The Long Walk: The Forced Navajo Exile. Infobase Pub., 2009.

Derderian, Shahen. Death March: An Armenian Survivor's Memoir. Translated by Ishkhan Jinbashian. H&K Manjikian Pubs, 2008.

Dermko, G.J. and W.B. Wood. Reordering the World: Geopolitical Perspectives on the Twenty-First Century. Routledge, 1994.

Drinnon, Richard. Facing West: The Metaphysics of Indian-Hating and Empire Building. Univ. of Okla. Press, 1980.

Dubow, Saul. Apartheid, 1948-1994. Oxford U. Press, 2014.

Echo-Hawk, Walter R. In the Courts of the Conqueror: The 10 Worst Indian Law Cases Ever Decided. Fulcrum Pub., 2010.

Ehle, John. Trail of Tears: The Rise and Fall of the Cherokee Nation. Knopf Doubleday Pub., 2011.

Executive Board of Authors and Editors. Cohen's Handbook of Federal Indian Law. LexisNexis, 2012.

Fanon, Franz. A Dying Colonialism. Translated by Grove Press, 1965. (Originally published in 1959).

Flood, Josephine. The Original Australians: Story of the Aboriginal People. Allen & Unwin, 2019.

Galeano, Eduardo. Genesis. W.W. Norton & Co., 1998.

Galeano, Eduardo. Open Veins of Latin America: Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent. Monthly Review Press, 1997.

Gibney, Mark, Rhoda E. Howard-Hassman, Jean-Marc Coicaud, and Niklaus Steiner (eds.). The Age of Apology: Facing Up to the Past. Univ. of Penn. Press, 2008.

Glenn, H. Patrick. Legal Traditions of the World. 2nd ed. Oxford U. Press, 2004.

Goldhagen, Daniel Jonah. Worse Than War: Genocide, Eliminationism, and the Ongoing Assault on Humanity. Public Affairs, 2009.

Green, Penny, Thomas MacManus, and Alicia de la Cour Venning. Countdown to Annihilation: Genocide in Myanmar. Int'l St. Crime Inst., 2015.

Guillaumin, Collette. Racism, Sexism, Power and Ideology. Routledge, 1995.

Hall, Thomas D. and James V. Fenelon. Indigenous Peoples and Globalization: Resistance and Revitalization. Paradigm Pubs., 2009.

Hannaford, Ivan. The History of an Idea in the West. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, 1996.

Hinton, Alexander Laban. Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide. Univ. of Calif. Press, 2002.

https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520230286.001.0001

Horowitz, Irving Louis. Genocide, State Power and Mass Murder. Transaction Books, 1976.

Hoxie, Federick E. A Final Promise: The Campaign to Assimilate the Indians, 1880-1920. Nebraska Univ. Press, 1989.

Hughes, Robert. The Fatal Shore. Random House, 1986.

Ignatieff, Michael. Blood and Belonging: Journeys into the New Nationalism. The Noonday Press, 1993.

Jacobs, Margaret C. White Mother to a Dark Race: Settler Colonialism, Maternalism, and the Removal of Indigenous Children in the American West and Australia, 1880-1940. Univ. of Neb. Press, 2009.

James, Annette M. (ed.). The State of Native America: Genocide, Colonization, and Resistance. South End Press, 1992.

Jones, Adam. Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction. 4th Ed. Routledge, 2024.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003185291

Josephy, Jr., Alvin M. (ed.). Red Power: The American Indians' Fight for Freedom. McGraw-Hill, 1971.

Kakel III, Carroll P. The Holocaust as Colonial Genocide: Hitler's 'Indian Wars' in the 'Wild East'. Palgrave, 2013.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-39169-8

Keal, Paul. European Conquest and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: The Moral Backwardness of International Society. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2009.

Kévorkian, Raymond. The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History. Bloomsbury Pub., 2011.

Kahalidi, Rashid. The Hundred Years' War on Palestine: A History of Settler Colonialism and Resistance: 1917-2017. Henry Holt & Co., 2020.

Kiernan, Ben. Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from Sparta to Darfur. Yale Univ. Press, 2007.

Kimerling, Judith. Amazon Crude. Nat. Res. Defense Council, 1991.

LaDuke, Winona. All Our Relations: Native Struggles for Land and Life. South End Press, 1999.

LaDuke, Winona. Recovering the Sacred: The Power of Naming and Claiming. Haymarket Books, 2005.

Lauren, Paul Gorden. The Evolution of Human Rights: Visions Seen. 2nd Ed. University of Penn. Press, 2003.

Lebor, Adam. 'Complicity with Evil': The United Nations in the Age of Modern Genocide. Yale Univ. Press, 2006.

Lemkin, Raphael. Axis Rule in Occupied Europe. Carnegie, 1944.

Lenzerini, Federico. Reparations for Indigenous Peoples: International & Comparative Perspectives. Oxford Univ. Press, 2008.

https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199235605.001.0001

Limerick, Patricia Nelson. The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West. Norton, 1987.

Lindqvist, Sven. The Dead Do Not Die: Exterminate the Brutes and Terra Nullius. The New Press, 2014.

https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.26193393

Locke, John. Second Treatise of Government. 1690. https://english.hku.hk/staff/kjohnson/PDF/LockeJohnSECONDTREATISE1690.pdf

López, Ian Haney. White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race. NYU Press, 2006.

Lorey, David E. and William H. Beezley (eds.). Genocide, Collective Violence, and Popular Memory: The Politics of Remembrance in the Twentieth Century. SR Books, 2002.

Madley, Benjamin. An American Genocide. Yale Univ. Press, 2016.

Mander, Jerry and Victoria Tauli-Corpuz (eds.). Paradigm Wars: Indigenous Peoples' Resistance to Globalization. Sierra Club Books, 2006.

Mann, Michael. The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.

https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817274

Mannix, Daniel P. and Malcolm Cowley. Black Cargoes: A History of the Atlantic Slave Trade. Viking Press, 1962.

Martin, James J. The Man Who Invented 'Genocide'. Inst. For Historical Rev., 1984.

Meyer, Lois and Benjamín Maldonado Alvarado (eds.). New World of Indigenous Resistance. City Lights Books, 2010.

Minton, Stephen James (ed.). Residential Schools and Indigenous Peoples: From Genocide via Education to the Possibilities for Processes of Truth, Restitution, Reconciliation, and Reclamation. Routledge, 2020.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429463044

Moses, A. Dirk and Dan Stone (eds.). Colonialism and Genocide. Routledge, 2007.

Moses, A. Dirk (ed.). Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation, and Subaltern Resistance in World History. Berghahn Books, 2008.

Na'Allah, Abdul Rasheed (ed.). Ogoni's Agonies: Ken Saro-Wiwa and the Crisis in Nigeria. African World Press, 1998.

Newcomb, Steven T. Pagans in the Promised Land: Decoding the Doctrine of Christian Discovery. Fulcrum Pub., 2008.

Nielson, Parker M. The Dispossessed: Cultural Genocide of the Mixed-Blood Utes. Univ. of Okla. Press, 1982.

Niezen, Ronald. The Origins of Indigenism: Human Rights and the Politics of Identity. Univ. of Cal. Press, 2003.

https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520936690

Nixon, Guy. Slavery in the West: The Untold Story of the Slavery of Native Americans in the West. Xlibris, 2011.

Nunpa, Chris. The Great Evil: Christianity, the Bible, and the Native American Genocide. Sharp Press, 2020.

Olusoga, David and Casper W. Erichsen. The Kaiser's Holocaust: Germany's Forgotten Genocide. Bloomsbury House, 2010.

Orwell, George. 1984. Planet eBook, 1944.

Ostler, Jeffrey. The Lakotas and the Black Hills: The Struggle for Sacred Ground. Viking, 2010.

Otis, D.S. The Dawes Act and the Allotment of Indian Lands. Univ. of Okla. Press, 1973.

Palmatter, Pamela D. Beyond Blood: Rethinking Indigenous Identity. Purich Publ., 2011.

https://doi.org/10.59962/9781895830736

Paris, Edmond. Convert or Die! Catholic Persecution in Yugoslavia During World War II. Chick Pub., 1990.

Patel, Leigh. No Study Without Struggle: Confronting Settler Colonialism in Higher Education. Beacon Press, 2021.

Paul, Joel Richard. Without Precedent: Chief Justice John Marshall and His Times. Riverhead Books, 2018.

Piatt, Bill & Moses Gonzales. Slavery in the Southwest: Genizaro Identity, Dignity and the Law. Carolina Academic Press, 2019.

Power, Samantha. "A Problem from Hell": America and the Age of Genocide. HarperCollins Pub., 2003.

Purdue, Theda and Michael D. Green. The Cherokee Nation and the Trail of Tears. Viking, 2007.

Rafter, Nicole Hahn. The Crime of All Crimes: Toward a Criminology of Genocide. NYU Press, 2016.

Ratner, Steven R. and Jason S. Abrams. Accountability for Human Rights Atrocities in International Law. Oxford Univ. Press, 2001.

Rawls, John. The Law of Peoples. Harvard Univ. Press, 1999.

Reséndez, Andrés. The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America. Mariner Books, 2016.

Roberts, David A. A Newer World: Kit Carson, John C. Fremont, and the Claiming of the American West. Simon & Schuster, 2001.

Robins, Nicholas A. and Adam Jones (eds.). Genocide by the Oppressed: Subaltern Genocide in Theory and Practice. Indiana Univ. Press, 2009.

https://doi.org/10.2979/5266.0

Rudko, Frances Howell. John Marshall and International Law. Greenwood Press, 1991.

Rummel, Rudolph. Statistics of Democide: Genocide and Mass Murder since 1900. LIT Verlag Münster, 1998.

Rÿser, Rudolph C. Indigenous Nations and Modern States: The Political Emergence of Nations Challenging State Power. Routledge, 2012.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203139882

Sarita, Joe. "I am a man": Chief Standing Bear's journey for justice. St. Martin's Press, 2009.

Sartre, Jean-Paul. On Genocide. Beacon Press, 1968.

Schabas, W.A. Genocide in International Law. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000.

Schroder, Susan (ed.). Native Resistance and the Pax Colonial in New Spain. Univ. of Neb. Press, 1998.

Scott, James C. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. Yale Univ. Press, 2020.

https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300252989

Shaw, Martin. What Is Genocide? Polity Press, 2007.

Short, Damien. Redefining Genocide. Zed Books, 2016.

https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350222199

Smith, Andrea. Conquest, Sexual Violence and American Indian Genocide. South End Press, 2005.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9780822374817

Stannard, David E. American Holocaust: The Conquest of the New World. Oxford Univ. Press, 1992.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195075816.001.0001

Stein, Edith. Der Aufbau der menschlichen Person: Vorlesung zur philosophischen Anthropologie. Freiburg: Herder, 2004.

Stein, Stan. The New Indians. Harper & Row, 1968.

Stone, Dan (ed.). The Historiography of Genocide. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.

Strecker, Amy and Joseph Powderly. Heritage Destruction, Human Rights and International Law. Brill, 2023.

https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004434011

Tatz, Colin. With Intent to Destroy: Reflecting on Genocide. Verso, 2003.

Taylor, Christopher. The Black Carib Wars: Freedom, Survival, and the Making of the Garifuna. Signal Books, 2016.

Theobald, Brianna. Reproduction on the Reservation: Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Colonialism in the Long Twentieth Century. UNC Press, 2019.

https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469653167.001.0001

Thornton, Russell. American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492. Univ. of Okla. Press, 1987.

Tinker, George E. Missionary Conquest: The Gospel and Native American Cultural Genocide. Fortress Pub., 1993.

Tocqueville, Alexis de. Democracy in America. 1835.

Totten, Samuel and Robert K. Hitchcock (eds.). Genocide of Indigenous Peoples / Genocide: A Critical Bibliographic Review, Vol. 8. Transaction Pubs, 2011.

Unrau, William E. Mixed-Bloods and Tribal Dissolution. Univ. of Kansas, 1989.

Vattel, Emmerich de. The Law of Nations, or The Principles of Natural Law. 1758. https://lonang.com/wp-content/download/Vattel-LawOfNations.pdf

Waller, James. Becoming Evil: How Ordinary People Commit Genocide and Mass Killing. Oxford Univ. Press, 2002.

https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195148688.001.0001

Watson, Irene. Aboriginal Peoples, Colonialism and International Law. Routledge, 2015.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315858999

Weitz, Eric D. A Century of Genocide: Utopias of Race and Nation. Princeton Univ. Press, 2003.

Whitt, Laurelyn and Alan W. Clarke. North American Genocides: Indigenous Nations, Settler Colonialism, and International Law. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2019.

https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108348461

Williams, Brian Glyn. The Crimean Tartars: From Soviet Genocide to Putin's Conquest. Oxford Univ. Press, 2015.

https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190494704.001.0001

Willinsky, John. Learning to Divide the World: Education at Empire's End. Univ. of Minn. Press, 1998.

Wishart, David J. An Unspeakable Sadness: The Dispossession of the Nebraska Indians. Univ. of Neb. Press, 1994.

Woolford, Andrew, Jeff Benvenuto, and Alexander Laban Hinton (eds.). Colonial Genocide in Indigenous North America. Duke Univ. Press, 2014.

https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822376149

Zarandona, José Antonio González, Emma Cunliffe, and Melathi Saldin (eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Heritage Destruction. Routledge, 2023.

Articles and Reports

Abouzeid, Rania. "When the Weapons Fall Silent: Reconciliation in Sinjar After ISIS." European Council on Foreign Relations, Policy Brief. October 2018. https://ecfr.eu/wp-content/uploads/when_the_weapons_fall_silent_reconciliation_in_sinjar_after_isisFINAL.pdf

Ahmed, Anees and Merryn Quayle. "Can genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes be pardoned or amnestied?" Amicus Curiae 79:15-20. Autumn 2009.

https://doi.org/10.14296/ac.v2009i79.1203

Albanese, Francesca. "Anatomy of a Genocide: Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories since 1967, Francesca Albanese." Human Rights Council, A/HRC/55/73. 25 March 2024.

Amnesty International. 'You Feel Like You Are Subhuman': Israel's Genocide Against Palestinians in Gaza. 2004. https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde15/8668/2024/en/

Anaya, S. James and Claudio Grossman. "The Case of Awas Tingni v. Nicaragua: A New Step in the International Law of Indigenous Peoples." Ariz. J. of Int'l and Comp. L. 19, no. 1: 1-15. 2002.

Australian Human Rights Commission. Bringing Them Home: National Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from Their Families. Commonwealth of Australia, 1997. https://humanrights.gov.au/sites/default/files/content/pdf/social_justice/bringing_them_home_report.pdf

Barghouti, Omar. "European Collusion in Israel's Slow Genocide." In Cook, 2010, 181-184.

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230107922_24

Barsh, Russell Lawrence. "The Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978: A Critical Analysis." Hastings L.J. 31:1287. 1980.

Barta, Tony. "Mr. Darwin's Shooters: On Natural Selection and the Naturalizing of Genocide." In Moses, 2007, 20-41.

Barta, Tony. "Relations of Genocide: Land and Lives in the Colonization of Australia." In Michael N. Wallimann and Isidor Dobkowski (eds.), Genocide and the Modern Age. 2nd ed. Syracuse Univ. Press, 2000, 237-252.

Baumann, Timothy. "Defining Ethnicity." The SAA Archaeological Record. 2004.

Bear, Hairy. "The Killing of Big Snake, a Ponca Chief, October 11, 1879." In Roy L. Brooks (ed.), When Sorry Isn't Enough. NYU Press, 1999.

Bishai, Susan. "Issue Brief: Religious Freedom Challenges in Iraq 10 Years After ISIS's Genocide." US Comm'n on Int'l Religious Freedom. September 2024. https://www.uscirf.gov/sites/default/files/2024-09/2024%20Iraq%20Genocide%20Issue%20Brief.pdf

Bolt, Jutta. "The Partitioning of Africa." African Econ. Hist. Network. January 2016. https://www.aehnetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Bolt.The-Partitioning-of-Africa.pdf

Brett, Rebecca. "A critical analysis of processes of racialization in Tibet." CERS, Working Paper. 2012. https://cers.leeds.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/97/2013/05/Racialisation_and_Tibet_Rebecca_Brett.pdf

Byler, William. "The Destruction of American Indian Families." In Steven Unger (ed.), The Destruction of American Indian Families. Assoc. Amer. Ind. Affairs, 1977.

Byun, Chang-Uk. "The Valladolid Debate Between Las Casas and Sepúlveda of 1550 on the Conquest and the Intellectual-Religious Capacity of American Indians." Korean Presbyterian Journal of Theology 42:257-276. 2011.

https://doi.org/10.15757/kpjt.2011..42.014

Cali Tzay, José Francisco. "Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of Indigenous Peoples on his visit to Denmark and Greenland." United Nations Human Rights Council, A/HRC/54/31/Add.1. 3 August 2023.

Cameron, Hazel. "Operation Guurahundi: A Policy of Genocidal Rape and Sexual Violence in Zimbabwe, 1983-1984." State Crime 13, no. 1: 4-34. 2023.

https://doi.org/10.13169/statecrime.13.1.0004

Charny, Israel W. "An International Peace Army: A Proposal for the Long-range Future." In Israel W. Charny (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Genocide. ABC-CLIO, 1999, 650-652.

Chino, Michelle, Darlene Haff, Carolee Dodge-Francis. "Patterns of Food Use Among American Indians." Pimatisiwin 7, no. 2: 279-289. 2009.

Chow, Pok Yin. "On Obligations Erga Omnes Partes." Georgetown J. of Int'l Law 52:469-504. 2021.

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3699982

Congressional Research Service. "The Indian Trust Fund Litigation: An Overview of Cobell v. Salazar." November 30, 2012. https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20121130_RL34628_71a31d97fb633117d376ef9920d4a5429c19299b.pdf

Cottam, M., J. Huseby, and F. Lutze. "Slow Genocide: The Dynamics of Violence and Oppression in Refugee Camps and American Ghettos." Washington State Univ., 2006. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=a440b89a4d3c2aabdcdbffad1fa9cecef8a5ad82

Coulter, Robert T. "The Failure of Indian Rights Advocacy: Are Lawyers to Blame?" In Rethinking Indian Law. National Lawyers Guild, 1982.

Crepelle, Adam. "Federal Policies Trap Tribes in Poverty." American Bar Ass'n Human Rts Mag. 48, no. 2. January 6, 2023.

https://doi.org/10.1002/fgc.33453

Curthoys, Ann (ed.). "Tasmania." In Moses, 2007, 74-100.

Daes, Erica-Irene A. "Working Paper by the Chairperson Rapporteur on the Concept of Indigenous People." UN Doc. E/CN.4/Sub.2/AC.4/1996/2. 10 June 1996.

Daly, Kathleen and Victoria Meyer. "Redress for Institutional Abuse of Children: The Unique Case of Norway, International Redress Project Special Report." Griffith University, 2023.

Davidson, Lawrence. "Christian Zionism as Representation of American Manifest Destiny." Critical Middle Eastern Studies 14, no. 2: 157-169. Summer 2005.

https://doi.org/10.1080/10669920500135538

Dickinson, Edwin DeWitt. "The Analogy Between Natural Persons and International Persons in the Law of Nations." Yale L. J. 26:564-591. 1917.

https://doi.org/10.2307/787249

Docker, John. "Are Settler-Colonies Inherently Genocidal? Re-reading Lemkin." In Moses, 2008, 81-101.

https://doi.org/10.1515/9781782382140-004

Domingo, Marta. "Causes of Ethnic Unrest in China: The Cases of Xinjiang, Tibet, and Inner Mongolia." Institut Barcelona Estudis Internacionals (student paper), 2019. https://www.ibei.org/ibei-student-paper-50_240393.pdf

Dugard, John and John Reynolds. "Apartheid, International Law, and the Occupied Palestinian Territory." European J. of Int'l Law 24, no. 3: 867-913. 2013.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/cht045

Edmonds, Chloe R. "The Crime of All Crimes: Genocide's Primacy in International Law." Master's Thesis, Georgetown University. April 25, 2016. https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/1040700#:~:text=Akayesu%2C%20genocide%20was%20declared%20to,gained%20primacy%20within%20international%20law

European Parliament. Joint Resolution, P8_TA(2016)0051. 4 Feb. 2016. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-8-2016-0051_EN.pdf

Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. "Indigenous Peoples' Rights in the Context of Borders, Migration and Displacement." UN Human Rights Council, A/HRC/EMRIP/2019/2. 3 May 2019.

Farrell, Justin, Paul Berne Burow, Katheryn McConnell, Jude Bayham, Kyle White, and Gal Koss. "Effects of Land Dispossession and Forced Migration on Indigenous Peoples in North America." Science 374, no. 6567. 29 Oct. 2021.

https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe4943

Fein, Helen. "Genocide by Attrition 1939-1993: The Warsaw Ghetto, Cambodia, and Sudan: Links Between Human Rights, Health, and Mass Death." Health and Human Rights 2, no. 2: 10-45. 1997.

https://doi.org/10.2307/4065270

Finzsch, Norbert. "'It is scarcely possible to conceive that human beings could be so hideous and loathsome': Discourses of Genocide in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-century America and Australia." In Moses, 2007, 1-19.

Frye, Andrea H. "Brief Historical Background: Savin' 'Them' from 'Themselves'." 2021 Advanced Fam. L. 47-III. 2021.

Fukurai, Hiroshi. "Fourth World Nations vs. The States': 'Nation-Destroying' Projects From 1946 to 2020; Post WWII Wars, Armed Conflicts and Indigenous Military Resistance." Fourth World Journal 23, no. 1: 33-48. Summer 2023.

https://doi.org/10.63428/m19eaj23

Gaeta, Paola. "On What Conditions Can a State Be Held Responsible for Genocide?" European J. of Int'l L. 18, no. 4: 631-648. Sept. 2007.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chm037

George, Mathew Sunil, K.A. Ramu, Rajendra Prasad, N.S. Prashanth, Susheela Kenjor, and Janie Busby Grant. "'How Can Our Children Learn From us About our Way of Life or Understand Who They Are?': Residential Schools and Their Impact on the Wellbeing of Indigenous youth in Attapadi, South India." Transcultural Psychiatry 0, no. 0: 1-13. 2024.

Gigoux, Carlos. "'Condemned to Disappear': Indigenous Genocide in Tierra del Fuego." J. of Genocide Res. 24, no. 1: 1-22. 8 Dec. 2020.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14623528.2020.1853359

Glusman, Graham M. "Justice from the General Assembly: An International Tribunal for the Crime of Aggression in Ukraine." Chicago J. of Int'l Law (Online 3.1). Winter 2024.

Greve, Hanne Sophie. "Ubi Ius Ibi Remedium." FICHL Policy Brief Series, No. 80. 2017.

Grey, Sam. "Just and Unjust Reallocations of Historical Burdens: Notes on a Normative Theory of Reparations Politics." Les Alterliers De L'Ethique 12, no. 2-3: 60-83. 2017.

https://doi.org/10.7202/1051275ar

Griggs, Richard. "The Breakdown of States." Center for World Indigenous Studies, 1999. https://cwis.org/wp-content/uploads/documents/statebrk.txt

Guettel, Jens-Uwe. "From the Frontier to German South-West Africa: German Colonialism, Indians, and American Westward Expansion." Modern Intellectual Hist. 7, no. 3: 523-552. Nov. 2010.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479244310000223

Hernandez, Bonar Ludwig. "The Las Casas-Sepulveda Controversy: 1550-1551." http://history.sfsu.edu/sites/default/files/images/2001_Bonar%20Ludwig%20Hernandez.pdf

Hernández, Gleider I. "Impartiality and Bias at the International Court of Justice." Cambridge J. of Int'l and Comp. L. 3, no. 1: 183-207. 2012.

https://doi.org/10.7574/cjicl.01.03.62

Hinton, Alexander Laban. "Colonial Genocide in Indigenous North America, A View from Critical Genocide Studies." In Woolford, 2014, 325-332.

https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822376149-016

Hogan, Libby. "'Slow genocide': Myanmar's invisible war on the Kachin Christian minority." The Guardian. May 13, 2018. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/may/14/slow-genocide-myanmars-invisible-war-on-the-kachin-christian-minority

Hoover, Arlie J. "'Christian Confrontations with the Holocaust': German Christian Nationalism: Its Contributions to the Holocaust." Holocaust and Genocide Studies 4, no. 3: 311-322. 1 March 1989.

https://doi.org/10.1093/hgs/4.3.311

Hubbard, Tasha. "Buffalo Genocide in Nineteenth Century North America." In Woolford, 2014, 292-305.

https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822376149-014

Hudson, Manley O. "The Permanent Court of International Justice." Harvard L. Rev. 35, no. 3: 245-275. 1922.

https://doi.org/10.2307/1329614

Ibrahim, Hawkar, Verena Ertl, Claudia Catani, Azad Ali Ismail and Frank Neuner. "Trauma and perceived social rejection among Yazidi women and girls who survived enslavement and genocide." BMC Medicine 16:154. 2018.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1140-5

Idzelis, Augustine. "Soviet Russian Colonial Practices in the Baltic States." In Michael S. Pap (ed.), Russian Empire: some aspects of tsarist and Soviet colonial practices. John Carroll Univ., 1985.

Indep. Special Interlocutor. "Sacred Responsibility: Searching for the Missing Children and Unmarked Burials." June 2023. https://osi-bis.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/OSI_InterimReport_June-2023_WEB.pdf

Indian Child Welfare Program. Hearings Before the Subcomm. on Indian Affairs of the Senate Comm. on Interior and Insular Affairs, 93d. Cong., 2d. Sess. 70. 1974. (1974 Hearings).

Inquilla-Mamani, Juan and Emilio Chambi-Apaza. "Symbolic Communication and the Notice of 'Pachamama' in the 'Quechua' and 'Aimara' Cultures." Int'l J. of English Lit. and Soc. Sci. 4, no. 2: 504-512. Apr. 2019.

https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4.2.47

International Indian Treaty Council. "Examination of the United States 7th, 8th, and 9th Periodic Reports: Alternative Report Regarding Lack of Implementation by the United States of Recommendation 29 of the Committee's 2008 Concluding Observations." July 8, 2014. http://www.iitc.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/FINAL-CERD-joint-Alternative-Report-on-Non-Implemention-for-US-review-July-8-2014-w-attachments-corr_web.pdf

Jacobs, Margaret D. "The Habit of Elimination: Indigenous Child Removal in Settler Colonial Nations in the Twentieth Century." In Woolford, 2014, 189-207.

https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822376149-009

Jaimes, M. Annette. "Federal Indian identification policy: a usurpation of Indigenous sovereignty in North America." In Jaimes (ed.), The State of Native America: Genocide, Colonization, and Resistance. South End Press, 1992, 123-138.

https://doi.org/10.2307/jj.6167286.9

Joint Statement - Sanctions International Criminal Court (ICC). Government of the Netherlands. July 2, 2025. https://www.government.nl/documents/diplomatic-statements/2025/02/07/joint-statement---sanctions-international-criminal-court-icc

Kazan, Selen. "Residential School Graves, Canada's 'Slow' Genocide & the International Criminal Court." Yellowhead Inst., Issue 114. April 20, 2022.

Kemp, Susan. "Guatemala Prosecutes former President Rios Montt: New Perspectives on Genocide and Domestic Criminal Justice." J. of Int'l Crim. Justice 12, no. 1: 133-156.

https://doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqu002

King, Joyce E. "Dysconscious Racism: Ideology, Identity, and the Miseducation of Teachers." J. of Negro Educ. 60, no. 2: 133-146. Spring 1991.

https://doi.org/10.2307/2295605

Koch, Alexander, Chris Brierly, Mark M. Maslin, Simon L. Lewis. "Earth System Impacts of the European Arrival and the Great Dying in the Americas After 1492." Quaternary Science Reviews 207:13-36. 2019.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.004

Koenning-Rutherford, Abbey. "Dishonoring the Earth: Ecocide as Prosecutable Genocide Against Indigenous People." Georgetown L. J. 111:1495-1531. 2023.

Krauzman, Marine and Urg Geneva. "International borders: Dividing lines for Indigenous Peoples' rights." Universal Rights Group. May 2, 2022. https://www.universal-rights.org/blog/international-borders-dividing-lines-for-indigenous-peoples-rights/

Krieken, Robert van. "Cultural Genocide in Australia." In Stone, 2010, 128-155.

Kulamadayil, Lys. "Global Starvation Governance and International Law." Third World Approaches to International Law Rev. 70/2024.

https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4974458

Ladner, Kiera L. "Political Genocide: Killing Nations through Legislation and Slow Moving Poison." In Woolford, 2014, 226-245.

https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822376149-011

Lâm, Maivân Clech. "Making Room for Peoples at the United Nations: Thoughts Provoked by Indigenous Claims for Self-Determination." Cornell Law Journal 25, no. 3: 603-622. 1992.

Laurence, Robert. "Indian Education: Federal Compulsory School Attendance Law Applicable to American Indians: The Treaty-Making Period: 1857-1871." Am. Ind. L. Rev. 5:393. 1977.

https://doi.org/10.2307/20068040

Lawrence, Jane. "The Indian Health Service and the Sterilization of Native American Women." Am. Indian. Q. 24:400. 2000.

https://doi.org/10.1353/aiq.2000.0008

Lawton, Philip Newton. "Edith Stein and the State." The Montréal Rev. May 2024. https://www.themontrealreview.com/Articles/Edith_Stein_and_the_State.php#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20state%2C%E2%80%9D%20Stein%20says,state%20and%20ethnicity%20is%20chilling

Lemkin, Raphael. "Acts Constituting a General (Transnational) Danger Considered as Offences Against the Law of Nations." 5th Conference for the Unification of Penal Law in Madrid, Special Report. 20 Oct. 1933. http://www.preventgenocide.org/lemkin/madrid1933-english.htm

Lemkin, Raphael. "Tasmania." In Moses, 2007, 74-11.

Lendman, Steve. "Israel's Slow-Motion Genocide in Occupied Palestine." In Cook, 2010, 29-38.

https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230107922_2

Lentin, Ronit. "Palestinian Lives Matter: Racialising Israeli Settler-Colonialism." J. of Holy Land and Palestine Studies 19, no. 2: 133-149. 2020.

https://doi.org/10.3366/hlps.2020.0238

Levene, Mark. "The Chittagong Hill Tracts: A Case Study in the Political Economy of 'Creeping' Genocide." Third World Quarterly 20, no. 2: 339-369. April 1999.

https://doi.org/10.1080/01436599913794

Levene, Mark. "A Dissenting Voice: or How Current Assumptions of Deterring and Preventing Genocide May Be Looking at the Problem Through the Wrong End of the Telescope, Part 1." J. of Genocide Res. 6. 2004.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1462352042000225921

Lightfoot, Sheryl and David MacDonald. "The UN as Both Foe and Friend to Indigenous Peoples and Self-Determination." In Jakob R. Avgustin, The United Nations: Friend or Foe of Self-Determination?. E-Int'l Relations, 2020, 32-46.

Lingaas, Carola. "The concept of race in international law." Völkerrechtsblog. 12 February 2018. https://voelkerrechtsblog.org/the-concept-of-race-in-international-criminal-law/

https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429443725

Logan, Tricia E. "Memory, Erasure, and National Myth." In Woolford, 2014, 149-165.

https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822376149-007

Ma, Xuechan and Shuai Guo. "An Empirical Study of the Voting Pattern of Judges of the International Court of Justice." ELR No. 3. Dec. 2017.

https://doi.org/10.5553/ELR.000094

Maddison, Sarah. "Indigenous Peoples and Colonial Borders: Sovereignty, Nationhood, Identity, and Activism." In Nancy A. Naples (ed.) and Jennifer Mendez, Bickham (ed.), Borders.